Saint Catherine’s Monastery is the oldest continuously-operating monastic community in the world.
Christian anchorites first flocked to the mountainous area of South Sinai in the 3rd century and, from the 4th century, pilgrims followed in search of the holy sites of Scripture.
In the mid-6th century Emperor Justinian commissioned a fortified enclosure, two basilica churches (one within the enclosure) and ancillary buildings to be erected. By the early 7th century, and especially after the coming of Islam in the 630s, anchoritic life had moved within the walls, taking sanctity in the fortress and creating the Monastery.
Over the following centuries, Mount Sinai and the Monastery at its foot became a pilgrimage site for Muslims, Jews and Christians of all denominations. The association with Saint Catherine, dating to the 13th or 14th century, renewed pilgrim interest from across Europe. This continuous traffic, as well as the spiritual radiance and resilience of the resident monastic community, explain the wealth of the Monastery’s library and its extraordinary collection of icons, offerings, liturgical vessels and vestments.